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中文摘要：
利用模拟不锈钢直薄壁件沉积过程中热应力场的计算结果，分析了直薄壁件产生的“圣诞树”台阶和基板的变形特征．分析结果说明，“圣诞树”台阶产生的原因是激光束扫描路径的起点与终点处温度场特征的不同和熔池温度的差别．基板的翘曲变形仅产生在基板上有沉积材料的部位，基板的左、右端部产生刚性位移．基板端部位移的实验测量与有限元计算结果相符合，证明了分析温度场和热应力场的有限元模型的正确性．
英文摘要：
The characteristics of the substrate distortion and ＂christmas tree step ＂ occurring in the depositing process of vertical thin wall samples of 316L stainless steel were analyzed by using the simulating results of the thermal stress field. The analysis results showed that the ＂ christmas tree step ＂ is resulting from the diffence of the temperature fields and the difference of the temperatures of melted pool at the positions of the start point and end point of laser scanning path. The distortion of the substrate only occured in the region on which 316L stainless steel have been deposited, and there is the rigidity displacement at the left end and right end. It has demonstrated the finite element models simulating the temperature field and the thermal stress field that the test results of the rigidity displacements are in agreement with the simulating ones.
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