中文摘要：

为创制大穗型小麦种质材料,利用具有大穗多小穗性状的小麦-黑麦双二倍体材料“兰小黑”和普通小麦杂交得到一批大穗型衍生后代。综合采用基因组原位杂交（GISH）、SCAR标记、微卫星（SSR）和醇溶蛋白（A-PAGE）技术对这些大穗型后代中的8个单株进行分子细胞学鉴定。结果表明,GISH检测后代含2个外源信号;1RS特异SCAR标记检测后代均含有黑麦1.5 kb的1RS特征条带;醇溶蛋白检测后代都出现了黑麦碱基因Sec-1特征条带。筛选小麦21条染色体长短臂上各6对引物,结果发现只有1BS上的3对引物未扩增出1BS的条带,其余引物均扩增出了各自的相应条带。由此确定这8株小麦-黑麦大穗型衍生后代为1BL/1RS易位材料。

英文摘要：

In order to creat a new germplasm with big ear, a large number of derivatives with big ear were obtained from a cross between wheat and Lanxiaohei, a wheat-rye double diploid with big ear and multismall spikelets. GISH,SCAR,SSR and Gliadin analysis were conducted to detect the rye fragments in the offspring lines of the wheat-rye with big ear. Genome in Situ Hybridization （GISH） indicated that the offspring contained 2 exogenous signals. SCAR displaying a single 1.5 kb rye band could be amplified in the offspring and its father Lanxiaohei. Gliadin observed secaline specific band in the offspring and its father Lanxiaohei. Screening with 6 pairs of SSR primers on the long arm and short arm of 21 chromosomes, respectively, displayed that only three primers in 1BS could not be amplified, this consequentially confirmed that the offspring lines of the wheat-rye with big ear was 1BL/1RS translocation.