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中文摘要：
采用半结构访谈方法对山东省龙口市农技推广人员与农业管理人员进行调研,评估当地冬小麦和夏玉米的产量限制因素与产量提升技术途径。结果表明：冬小麦产量的主要限制因素是品种丰产性低、播期过早、播量过大、肥水运筹不合理,5年内可广泛应用于生产的技术措施是测土配方施肥、推广改良品种和玉米秸秆还田。夏玉米产量的主要限制因素是栽培管理粗放、播种质量不高、干旱,5年内可广泛应用于生产的技术措施是推迟套种时间、因地制宜选用良种。从中长期来看,未来5～20年内小麦-玉米两熟制大田生产的产量提升需要栽培管理技术、优良适宜品种、极端气候预防及补救技术措施和提升粮食作物补贴的共同作用。
英文摘要：
Agricultural extension officers and agricultural management officers in Longkou City,Shandong Province were surveyed by means of semi-structured interview.Yield limiting factors and technical measures to improved yield were assessed.The main yield limiting factors of wheat were low fertility of cultivars,early sowing date,excessive sowing quantities,and irrational irrigation and nitrogen application.The main technical measures to improve yield of wheat in five years are soil testing,extending improved breed,and returning maize straw to field.The main yield limiting factors of maize were extensive crop management,low sowing quality,and drought.The main technical measures to improve yield of maize in five years are delaying interplant time and adopting varieties that is adapt to the environment.In the long run,to safeguard the continuous improvement of farmers＇ crop yield calls for the combined action of crop management,suitable varieties,preventive and remedial measures for extreme weather events,and increased food subsides.
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