中文摘要：

后囊膜混浊（posterior capsule opacification,PCO）又称后发性白内障,是现代白内障囊外摘除术后最常见的并发症。后发性白内障的发生与患者手术时的年龄,囊袋的大小,囊口的连续性,血房水屏障破坏释放的炎症介质,残留的晶状体上皮细胞及晶状体皮质的多少,以及所植入的人工晶状体的材质等。研究者对手术方式的改进及人工晶体材料设计进行研究,以降低白内障囊外摘除术后后囊膜混浊的发生率,但它仍然是一个重大的没有解决的难题。Nd：YAG激光后囊膜切开术是目前治疗PCO最常用的有效方法,但仍会出现一定的并发症,并且治疗费用较高。研究者进一步改进手术技术,人工晶体材料设计和在使用药物治疗方面,选择即安全有效和较少的费用消除PCO。

英文摘要：

Posterior capsular opacification （PCO） is the most frequent complication of cataract surgery. The occurrence of the after-cataract and the patient＇s age of undergoing surgery; the size of the capsular bag; continuity of capsule mouth; blood aqueous humor barrier damages released inflammation medium; residual tens epithelial cell migration differentiation and the amount of lens cortex; other factors of the artificial lens implantation, such as material. Advances in surgical techniques, intraocular lens materials, and designs have reduced the PCO rate, but it is still a significant problem. The only effective treatment for PCO, Nd：YAG laser capsulotomy carries vision-related complications and risks and puts a significant financial burden on the health care system. We also describe advances and improvements in surgical techniques, intraocular lens materials, and the designs and use of therapeutic agents leading to safe, effective, and less expensive strategies to eradicate PCO.