中文摘要：

以自由基为代表的小分子活性物质对于维持生物体正常的生理功能起着不可或缺的作用,但在包括中风的多种病理状态下,过量的小分子活性物质由于其高活性、强氧化性可对人体内的组织器官造成严重损伤.活性氧和活性氮是两种重要的小分子活性物质,并且活性氮在中风的发病机制中的作用备受关注,是近年研究的热点之一.本文就近年来活性氮在中风中的生理性与病理性的作用进行综述及展望.

英文摘要：

Small molecules of free radicals play essential roles in maintaining normal physiological function in organisms. However, in a variety of pathological conditions, excessive accumulation of these substances might cause serious damage to tissues and organs due to their highly active, strong oxidization properties. For instance, reactive oxygen species （ROS） and reactive nitrogen species （RNS）, two major small molecules active substances, are proved to participate in the pathogenesis of stroke. In particular, the role of reactive nitrogen in stroke onset is one of the hot spot in current stroke etiology study. In this publication, recent progress of the physical and pathological functions of RNS in stroke study are reviewed and prospected.