中文摘要：

生殖系统是海洋种类繁殖生物学研究的重点内容。为了更好地了解头足类繁殖生物学特性,对头足类生殖系统组织结构研究进展进行了总结和归纳,较为系统阐述了头足类生殖系统各单元的组成结构及其功能特点。研究认为,头足类生殖系统主要由一个性腺,一对或单根生殖导管,以及一系列的腺体组织或生殖囊等组成。雄性生殖系统的腺体组织较为复杂,但基本组成单元是一致的,主要行使精荚组装的功能,而雌性生殖系统的腺体组织较为简单,但不同种类其组成单元相同,主要行使形成卵壳的功能。分析认为,目前基于解剖学、组织学的研究方法尚无法解释头足类性腺与生殖导管之间的连接、配子成熟后的输入机制、栖息水域环境变化对繁殖系统的影响,以及雄性精荚器异速生长的模式及其废物产生的机制等,建议结合发育生物学、细胞生化学、内分泌学、进化生态学等学科领域的理论和方法,以便更为全面地研究头足类的繁殖系统特性及功能机制。

英文摘要：

The study of reproductive system is a vital component in reproductive biology of marine species. In order to better understand the reproductive biology of cephalopod, the research progress on histological structure of reproductive system in cephalopod has been summarized in this study, and the histological structure and function of the reproductive system of cephalopod are reviewed systematically. In general, the system in both males and females consists of a gonad （ testis and ovary） , one or two separate gonoducts and a complex of accessory glands or reproductive sac. The male＇ s accessory glands are complex but the basic composed unit is the same, which are responsible for the production of spermatophores. However, the female＇s accessory glands are relatively simple but the basic composed unit is not the same for different species, which plays the function on forming of egg coats. However, the mechanism of gonad communicating with the gonaducts and the way with which the gemmates shed into the gonaducts remain unclear if we only use the methodology of anatomy and histology, and so does the effect of changing habitat environment on the reproductive system. The peculiarities of allometric growth of different parts of the spermatophoric organ and the mechanism of waste generating in the spermatophoric organ are also unclear. Therefore, the methodology of the developmental biology, cellular biochemistry, endocrinology and evolutionary ecology should be explored in the research on the reproductive biology of cephalopod in future.