中文摘要：

时空聚焦模型由于可以较好的体现出畸形波的偶然性、短暂性、能量汇聚性等特点而广泛用于畸形波的实验模拟和数值模拟，但通常得到的波浪具有随机性，而且无法模拟特定形态的畸形波。该文为解决上述问题，从初始扰动反演过程的角度，以Gauss包络为例，研究了畸形波的时空聚焦演化。建立求解二维N-S方程的数值波浪水槽，模拟了畸形波的生成演化。采用的表达式可以较好地反映畸形波的大波高、短暂性、连续大波等特点，且对于海洋结构物的安全性评估有参考意义。数值结果与理论吻合良好，证明了表达式的正确性。

英文摘要：

The time-spatial model is widely employed to generate freak waves in the laboratory or numerical simulation, because it can well explain the rareness, temporality and energy focusing of freak waves . However the waves generated are usually random, and it is difficult to simulate freak waves in given specific shapes. To solve the problem above, the time-spatial evolution of freak waves is discussed in a way of the inversion of initial disturbance, which is described by Gauss envelope. The 2-D numerical wave tank solving Navier-Stokes equations is established to simulate the evolution of freak waves. The expressions introduced in this artical explain the giant wave heights, transientness and a group of rogue waves of freak waves, which could be referred to evaluating the safety of marine structures. The expressions proposed in this paper are validated by good agreement of theoretical results with numerical results.