中文摘要：

为实施＂三软＂煤层综放面沿空留巷,掌握留巷围岩结构和矿压变化规律,以新登煤矿31061综放面为研究对象,研究采空区侧向覆岩结构和应力分布,综放面后方沿空留巷变形和顶板压力分阶段变化规律,提出了避开动压沿空留巷方法,并在现场进行了工业试验。研究表明：（1）31061采空区侧向煤壁变形量大,应力降低区范围大,应力集中影响范围达到煤体内部30 m。（2）留巷矿压显现分为3个阶段。工作面后方30~40 m为巷道加速变形阶段,从工作面后方5 m留巷变形速度持续增加,但顶板压力升高较慢;工作面后方40~70 m为变形持续阶段,此阶段巷道变形速度保持稳定,顶板压力快速升高,临时支架产生变形破坏;工作面后方70 m以后为变形稳定阶段,此阶段变形速度明显降低,顶板压力趋于稳定。（3）避开动压沿空留巷方法是利用临时支护使留巷度过动压影响阶段,允许巷道有较大变形量,在工作面后方一定距离处对留巷进行扩修和加固。实践表明,该方法具有成本低、工艺简单、留巷后期稳定性好、留巷施工与采面生产互不干扰等优点,在条件适合的矿区值得推广。

英文摘要：

In order to implement the three soft coal seam fully mechanized caving face along the goaf,to master the structure of the surrounding rock and the change law of rock pressure,taking the 31061 fully mechanized caving face in Xindeng coal mine as the research object,overburden strata structure and stress distribution on the side of gob,the variety of deformation and roof pressure in gob-side entry in different stage were studied by theoretical analysis,numerical modeling,similar material simulation experiment and in-site monitoring.A gobside entry retaining method of avoid mining abutment pressure was proposed and test by in-site experiment.The following conclusions can be drawn：（1） deformation of lateral coal wall and the stress reduction zone are large of gob in 30161 face,the influence scope of abutment pressure distribution can reach the coal body inside 30m;（2） there are three stages of strata-pressure behavior in the gob-side entry,the first stage is about 30 ~ 40 m distance from the working face which is accelerating deformation stage because the gob-side entry deformation velocity is obvious accelerating,but the roof pressure increase slowly,the second stage is 40 to 70 m distance from working face which is continuous deformation stage because the gob-side entry deformation velocity remains in a relatively high level and the roof pressure increases tremendously,most of destroy of temporary support are in this stage; the third stage is beyond 70 m distance from working face which is called steady state stage because the deformation velocity decreases obviously and the roof pressure remains a stable level;（3） the gob-side entry retaining method of avoid mining abutment pressure uses temporary support in the severely mining abutment pressure stage and allows big deformation occurrence in the surrounding rock in this stage,and rebuilds the entry behind a distance from working face.It is proved by in-site experiment that this method has the advantages of lower cost,more simple process,more stable o