由于空间环境的特殊性,地面网络中的安全机制不能直接用于卫星通信。介绍了卫星通信系统安全技术的最新进展。首先从空间信道环境、卫星节点能力、星座网络结构等方面指出了卫星通信系统的安全弱点。然后总结了物理层、数据链路层、网络层和传输层所面临的安全威胁和防护对策。着重介绍了抗损毁技术、抗干扰技术、认证机制和密钥管理协议,并对有代表性的安全策略进行了分析、对比和讨论。最后对卫星通信系统安全技术发展方向做出预测。
The security mechanisms for terrestrial network are not appropriate for satellite communication due to the particularity of space environment. The state of the art in security for satellite communication systems was surveyed. Firstly, the security vulnerabilities of satellite communication systems were presented. Secondly, various possible threats and countermeasures were analyzed among physical layer, data link layer, network layer and transport layer. Particularly, representative solutions for survivabihty, anti-jamming, authentication and key management were illustrated, and a comparison and assessment of their merits and faults were made. Finally, the research was presented which was still worth to do in the future.