中文摘要：

目的分析北京市城乡结合部开展新生儿普遍听力筛查（UNHS）的现状,为制定合适的听力筛查、随访和干预策略提供依据。方法应用瞬态诱发耳声发射对北京市上地医院出生的正常新生儿进行听力筛查,初筛未通过者分别于42天和/或2.5月复查,复筛未通过者使用听性脑干反应（ABR）、40Hz听觉相关电位（40Hz-AERP）和声导抗进行听力损失诊断。结果可接受听力筛查新生儿5809例,实际筛查5737例,初筛率98.76%（5737/5809）,初筛通过率81.38%（4669/5737）;应复筛1068例,实际复筛590例,复筛未通过104例,复筛未通过率17.63%（104/590）,应转诊104例（1.82%,104/5737）,实际转诊率7.1‰（41/5737）,实际接受诊断性检查28例,确诊先天性听力损失19例（28耳）,其中轻度10例（10/5737,1.74‰）、中度2例（2/5737,0.35‰）、重度1例（1/5737,0.17‰）、极重度6例（6/5737,1.05‰）。该筛查群体中先天性听力损失（包括单耳和双耳）的检出率为3.31‰（19/5737）,双耳听力损失的检出率为1.57‰（9/5737）。结论在城乡结合部实施新生儿普遍听力筛查是可行的,但复筛率及转诊率有待提高,因此制定适合流动人群特点的听力筛查模式是非常重要和必要的。

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the current status of universal newborn hearing screening （UNHS） programme carried out in the urban-rural hospitals,in order to provide a scientific basis to set up proper strategies for hearing screening,intervention and follow-up. Methods The transient evoked otoacoustic emissions （TEOAE） was used in screening and re-screening. Referred newborns re-screening would receive diagnosis tests by auditory brainstem response,40 Hz hearing-related potential and acoustic impendence when at 3 months old. Results A total of 5 737 were screened out of 5 809 newborns （98.76%） before hospital discharge. The neonates failed screening were 18.62%,and those failed re-screening were 17.63%. The rate of neonatal congenital hearing loss was 3.31‰,and mild,moderate,severe and profound grade were 1.74‰,0.35‰,0.17‰,1.05‰,respectively.Conclusion It is feasible to administer UNHS in mobile population in low-income groups in urban hospitals,but the re-screening and referral rate need to be improved. So,setting up a new UNHS mode that fit to the characteristics of the flow population is very important and necessary.