中文摘要：

[目的]从广东口岸输入的台湾地区木质包装材料中截获到一种伞滑刃属（Bursaphelenchus）线虫,本文对其进行了形态学和分子生物学特征鉴定,旨在为我国口岸植物检疫提供理论依据。[方法]采用形态特征描述、形态测计值比较,核糖体DNA（rDNA）的ITS-RFLP酶切图谱分析,以及基于r DNA 18S区、28S D2/D3区以及ITS区构建系统发育树的方法对截获线虫群体进行鉴定。[结果]确定该截获群体为松材线虫组（xylophilus group）成员之一——吉拉尼伞滑刃线虫（B.gillanii）,其主要形态鉴别特征是：唇区缢缩明显,口针长约13μm,口针基部球小;侧线4条;雌虫阴门盖显著,长约12～15μm;雌虫尾锥形,腹面较背面更显著弯曲,如鸟喙状,尾尖突与尾几乎连续,长5～7μm;雄虫交合刺弓形,中弧线长26～32μm;交合刺基顶小而圆,喙突长而尖,远端有盘状突;尾乳突7个,交合伞呈铲状。ITS-RFLP酶切图谱分析揭示该截获群体与吉拉尼伞滑刃线虫原始描述群体一致,系统发育分析揭示其与松材线虫（B.xylophilus）和拟松材线虫（B.mucronatus）的亲缘关系最近。[结论]松材线虫不仅是中国特别关注的重要植物检疫性线虫,也是国际多数国家或地区关注的检疫性有害生物,作为其形态学和系统进化相似种的吉拉尼伞滑刃线虫,应引起相关检疫部门的重视。该线虫属全国口岸首次截获。

英文摘要：

[ Objectives] A Bursaphelenchus population was intercepted in packaging wood from Taiwan district at Guangdong Port, China. The population was identified by morphological and molecular methods and the study will provide technical support for Chinese plant quarantine services. [ Methods] The intercepted population was identified using the morphological observation, the morphometrics comparison, the analysis of ITS-RFLP of ribosomal DNA （ rDNA ） and the phylogeny trees constructed on basis of sequences of 18S,28S D2/D3 and ITS region of rDNA. [ Results ] The population was identified as B. gillanii, which is one of the members of xylophilus group. The morphological characters of the intercepted population were mainly as follows ： the lip region offset, stylet about 13 μm long with small basal swellings ;four lateral lines;female with long vulval flap, about 12-15 μm long;female tail conoid, more strongly curved dorsally than ventrally, resembling beak of a bird, mucro of tail terminus appearing as a continuation of tail,5-7 μm long;male spicules paired, strongly arcuate,26-32 μm long as measured along the curved median line;condylus small and rounded, rostrum elongated and pointed, cucullus distinct disc-like;tail region with 7 papillae and terminus with shovel bursa. The ITS-RFLP analysis revealed that the intercepted population was identical to the original described population. The phylogenetic analyses revealed that the intercepted population was closest to B. xylophilus and B. mucronatus. [ Conclusions ] Pine wood nematode B. xylophilus was paid attention to as an important quarantine pest not only by China, but also by the most of other countries and regions in the world. Due to their similar morphological characters and close phylogenetic relationship, B. gillanii should be paid great attention to by the Chinese quarantine services. This is the first report for the interception in China.