中文摘要：

快速刀具伺服机构（FTS）是非圆数控车削和非轴对称车削的一项共同的关键性技术。论述了FTS的发展历程、结构特点及性能指标。详细介绍了压电陶瓷FTS、磁致伸缩FTS、洛仑兹力FTS、麦克斯韦力FTS的国内外研究情况，阐述了它们的原理、结构、性能优缺点及应用情况，并给出了FTS用于非轴对称光学元件车削的实例。指出超高频响（大于1000Hz）短行程（小于100μm）的FTS是当今研究热点，压电陶瓷FTS和麦克斯韦力FTS都可以实现较高频响，其中麦克斯韦力型FTS是可实现超高频响的一种全新类型的FTS。

英文摘要：

Fast tool servo （FTS） is one of the key technologies in both noncircular turning and non-axisymmetric turning fields. The researching history, structure characteristics and performance indices of FTS system were presented, and lots of existing FTSs were reviewed. Afterwards, four kinds of FTSs including piezoelectric FTS, magnetostrictive FTS, Lorentz force FTS and Maxwell force （ normal-stress electromagnetic force ） FTS were discussed, involving their working principles, configuration, applications, respective pros and cons. In addition, several cases of FTS＇s applying in non- axisymmetric turning were given. The viewpoints are that ultrafast- response （〉1000Hz） short-stroke（〈100μm） FTS is the focus in current research, and both piezoelectric FTS and Maxwell force FTS are accessing to ultrafast-response; especially the Maxwell force, it is an excellent new principle for realizing ultrafast-response FTS.