中文摘要：

[目的]从分子水平揭示柞蚕品种资源之间的遗传关系，为柞蚕的育种及种质资源的利用提供依据。[方法]利用RAPD（random amplified polymorphic DNA）技术，对来自中国6个主要柞蚕产区的66个品种（系）和2个朝鲜的品种的基因组DNA多态性进行分析。根据扩增结果计算单匹配相似系数，用Ncighbor-Joining法构建聚类图。[结果]筛选出的33个随机引物对68个柞蚕品种（系）共扩增出296条DNA带，其中多态性带269条（90．88％）。品种间的成对遗传距离在0．120—0．324之间，主要集中在0．200～0．300之间，有99．05％的品种对的遗传距离小于0．300。聚类分析表明，供试的68个柞蚕品种（系）聚为6个类群，并表现出按目前所在地域（产地）聚类的特性。[结论]柞蚕品种资源之间的遗传差异较小，并且遗传聚类与其目前的地理分布有密切相关性。

英文摘要：

[Objective] This work analyzed the genetic relationships of oak silkworm cultivars, Antheraea pernyi, in the molecular level, and further obtained the helpful information for breeding and germplasm evaluation. [ Method ] The genomic DNA polymorphism of 68 A, pernyi cultivars were analyzed with RAPD （Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA） techniques. The simple matching coefficients were calculated, and the Neighbor-Jioning method was used to construct the dendrogram. [ Result] A total of 296 DNA fragments were amplified with 33 primers selected from 68 cultivars of A. pernyi, 269 of which （90.88%） were polymorphic. The value of pairwise genetic distance ranged from 0.120 to 0.324, and most of them were in the range of 0.200 to 0.300. There were 99.05% of the cultivar pairs with pairwise genetic distance less than 0.300. The A. pernyi cultvars used were divided into six genetic groups, and the cluster results appeared to associate with the present raising area. [ Conclusion ] In general, there was great genetic similarity among A. pernyi cultivar resources, and the cultivar groupings were closely related to their geographic distribution.