中文摘要：

土壤侵蚀制约着社会、经济、环境的协调发展，已经成为全球性的主要环境问题之一。本文从雨滴击溅侵蚀、坡面水蚀过程、坡沟系统水沙传递关系和沟道侵蚀输沙等四个过程系统地分析了土壤侵蚀过程研究中取得的进展和存在的不足，简述了国内外土壤侵蚀预报研究的历史，总结了植被措施和工程措施对水土流失的调控作用机理和水土保持效益等有关问题，对土壤侵蚀与水土保持科学今后的研究方向提出见解，指出了加强对土壤侵蚀过程与机理、大尺度土壤侵蚀预报模型、土壤侵蚀与水土流失治理环境效应评价和水土流失调控技术的科技转化等亟待解决问题的研究深度和广度。

英文摘要：

Limiting harmonious development of the society, economy and environment, soil erosion has become one of the major environmental problems over the world. Systematic analysis was done of progresses and shortcomings in the study on soil erosion process from the aspects of raindrop splash, process of slope water erosion, transference relationships from runoff discharge to sediment discharge in the slope-gully system and sediment delivery of gully erosion. A brief sketch was present of the history of the study on prediction of soil erosion. And a summary was made of mechanisms of vegetation and engineering measures regulating soil erosion and their effect on soil-water conservation. Besides, suggestions for future researches on soil erosion and soil-water conservation were put forward to, stating that it is essential to intensify the study in width and depth on such problems that urgently need to be solved, as process and mechanism of soil erosion, model for forecasting soil erosion on a larger scope, evaluation of environmental effect of the management of soil erosion and soil-water loss, sci-teeh transformation of the techniques for regulating soil-water loss, etc..