中文摘要：

MicroRNAs（miRNAs）是一类非编码小分子RNA,参与调控基因表达,也是心脏发育的重要调控者。人类发育成熟的心脏损伤后再生能力有限,并且损伤的心肌由大量增殖的成纤维细胞替代,导致心脏结构和功能的不可逆损伤。研究发现,miRNAs参与胚胎干细胞、心脏祖细胞以及成纤维细胞的增殖与分化,可促进受损心脏再生。现就miRNAs调控胚胎干细胞、心脏祖细胞和成纤维细胞介导的心脏再生作用及其潜在治疗前景进行综述。

英文摘要：

MicroRNAs （miRNAs） as small non-coding RNAs, involved in the regulation ofgene expression, are also important regulators of cardiac development. The mature human heart regeneration ability is limited after injury. However, extensive fibroblasts replacement in myocardial injury results irreversible change of cardiac structure and function. Moreover, several miRNAs could aid embryonic stem cell, pluripotent stem cells and fibroblasts form cardiomyocytes to improve the damaged heart function. In this review, we discuss the current literature in regard to cardiac development and regeneration and the implications of these findings in clinical therapy.