中文摘要：

SiC陶瓷具有良好的综合性能，广泛应用于众多工程领域。在现有制备工艺中模板法是一种有效的复杂形状SiC陶瓷的成型技术，其能力源于硅化前多孔碳质模板的易成型以及硅化前后模板的几何形状保持不变。主要综述了模板法制备复杂形状SiC陶瓷过程中所涉及的成型工艺、模板的类型、模板的孔结构要求以及硅化机理等相关问题，分析和评述了其存在的问题和发展趋势。

英文摘要：

Silicon carbide （SIC） is a leading candidate for a wide variety of applications because of its superior mechanical properties at low and high temperatures, such as wear resistance, thermal properties and corrosion resistance. Compared with other SiC forming processes, template methods has two fundamental advantages： （1） the ability to produce complex and near-net shapes, and （2） the ability to sinter at low temperatures and for short times. The desired shape of a SiC is derived from the geometry of the template. In this paper, the forming process, the types and the pore structure index of templates and the siliconization mechanism are reviewed. The existing problems and the trend are also analyzed and prospected.