中文摘要：

对上海地区59个自动站2006—2013年逐时气温资料进行了本地化的质量控制,得到一套高分辨率气温数据集。将其与常规观测资料进行对比,发现两者反映的上海年平均及季节平均气温基本一致,说明经质量控制的加密资料是可信的。但其空间差异更为明显,表明高分辨气温数据在城市热环境精细空间分布研究中更具代表性和有效性。基于该数据集研究了上海的城市热岛空间分布。结果表明,加密观测数据可反映出城市热岛的精细结构气候特征：热岛分布由中心城区向四周及西南部扩展,尤其是出现了＂多中心＂结构特征,即除中心城区的热岛主中心外,在闵行北部和松江南部均出现了与快速城市化进程相联系的区域性副热岛中心;受大气环流季节转换和局地海陆风的影响,热岛位置在秋冬季偏东南方向,春夏季偏西北方向。上述精细化特征在常规资料中并不明显或无法体现。由此可见,经质量控制的加密气温数据在城市热岛的精细结构研究中更具优势。

英文摘要：

Data quality is a basic assurance for meteorological researches and data applications.In this paper,considering local climate in Shanghai,a localized quality control flow is formulated from 59 AWSs （Automatic Weather Stations） hourly temperature data during the period of 2006-2013.It includes station format parameter check,climate extreme value check,time consistency check and space consistency check,especially by using the methods of dynamic threshold in climate extreme value check and different distance standards for different areas in spatial consistency check.After quality control,the annual mean data missing rates of this data set are all below 10%,which means the AWS data in Shanghai bears good integrality and confidence.Thus a set of high-quality and high-resolution temperature data set is obtained.Compared with the manual observation data,it is found that the average annual and seasonal mean temperatures in Shanghai are almost the same,which proves that the quality of this data set is reliable.But the spatial difference is more obvious,which just indicates that the high resolution temperature data is more representative and effective in the researches about fine spatial distribution features in urban thermal environment.Based on standardized temperature,the spatial distribution of urban heat island in Shanghai is analyzed with this data set.The results indicate that the AWS data can reflect many fine features of the distribution of urban heat island.The urban heat island center has expanded from the city center to periphery and the southwest area,especially presents a multi-centered feature.In addition to the main center of heat island at the city center,there are two sub-centers in the north of Minhang district and the south of Songjiang district respectively,which are associated with rapid urbanization.Two regional construction projects,namely,＆quot; Songjiang New Town＆quot; in 2009 and ＆quot;Big Hongqiao Section＆quot; in 2010,have greatly accelerated the process of urbanization.They have no