中文摘要：

为了提高节点能源使用效率，延长无线移动自组网系统寿命，改进了移动自组网多网关优选算法以平衡各网关负载．研究了负载均衡对网络系统能源消耗的影响，对能源消耗进行定量分析，并对多网关负载平衡性能进行详细分析和理论证明．仿真实验结果表明，采用负载均衡技术的多网关优选算法可以使网络寿命明显延长，系统寿命可达原来的1．45倍．同时，在网络的开销有所增加的情况下，多网关负载均衡的网关优选算法可使网络延迟大幅下降，吞吐量和可达率明显提高．

英文摘要：

To improve the energy efficiency of wireless nodes so as to prolong the life of wireless mobile ad hoc networks （MANETs） , an improved gateway selection algorithm was proposed that can enhance load balancing between the multiple gateways existing in a network. This analysis focused on the effects of balancing loads between multiple gateways on energy consumption in the whole wireless network. Quantitative analysis of energy consumption was also performed. The balancing ability of the new gateway selection algorithm for loads on multiple gateways was mathematically analyzed and its superiority shown. Simulation results indicated that the new load balancing gateway selection algorithm can prolong network lifetimes by up to 45%. Additionally, at the expense of a slight increase in network communication overhead, the new load balancing gateway selection algorithm can decrease network communication latency while increasing network throughput and the packet delivery ratio.