中文摘要：

目的 采用自由回忆的方法对内隐学习与外显学习在单字词记忆中的系列位置效应比较来判断不同识记方式对系列位置效应的影响.方法 自行设计实验研究测试卷,对某大学30名大学生进行内隐学习与外显学习两种实验情境下的测试.结果 （1）内隐学习和外显学习两种实验情境下的正确呈现次数有着显著的差异,并且这种差异表现符合系列位置效应的规律.（2）不同位置正确呈现次数有着显著的差异,存在较为明显的系列位置效应;在前、中、后各位置内隐学习和外显学习正确呈现次数均有着显著性的差异.（3）内隐学习在尾组各位置之间有显著性差异,表现出系列位置效应;而外显学习在中间组②各位置之间有显著性差异,表现出系列位置效应.结论 内隐学习和外显学习两种实验情境下均存在系列位置效应的规律.内隐学习一系列记忆材料中在回忆靠后的材料更容出现系列位置效应,而外显学习一系列记忆材料中在回忆中间的材料更容出现系列位置效应.

英文摘要：

Objective Through the comparison between the serial positional effects of unintentional memory and intentional memory in the way of words free recall,we are to judge the influences of different ways of memory to the serial positional effects.Methods We designed the test papers for experimental study by ourselves,tested 30 students from a university under the unintentional memory and intentional memory conditions of experiments.Results （1） The correct presentation frequency under the two experimental conditions of unintentional memory and intentional memory has a significant difference,and this difference is in accord with the principle of the serial positional effects.（2） Overall,there is a significant difference of the correct presentation frequency under different positions,which shows obvious serial positional effects.The significant difference of unintentional memory and intentional memory can be seen in the correct presentation frequency of front,middle,behind positions.（3） There is a significant difference among all the positions in the fourth group of unintentional memory,which shows serial positional effects ; and there is a significant difference among all the positions in the third group of intentional memory,which shows serial positional effects.Conclusion：The rules of the serial positional effects occur under both unintentional and intentional memory.The effect is obvious in unintentional condition when the memory is intended to be behind in the material,while in intentional condition the effect is obvious when the memory is intended to be in the middle of the mateiral.