中文摘要：

概率论是研究随机现象规律的数学理论，现已有300余年的历史。从数学技术视角，把概率论的发展历史划分为三个阶段，并分析各个时期的特征，认为数学技术是概率论发展的保证，数学技术的发展是推动概率论理论发展的主要因素之一；探究数学技术和概率论间的辩证关系有助于理解和认识概率论的本质。

英文摘要：

The probability theory is a mathematical discipline studying the regularities of random or stochastic events,whose history is over three hundreds years. This paper divides the history of probability theory into three stages as viewed from mathematical tools, and try to analysis its characters in each stage. It points out that the development of mathematical techniques is one of main factors promoting the evolution of probability. The paper attempts to explore the dialectic relationship between probability and mathematical technique.