研究目的:对2000—2013年土地财政依赖度进行测度,分析土地财政依赖度的空间差异,并结合各省(自治区、直辖市)土地资源禀赋、经济发展水平,提出破解地方政府土地财政困境的路径选择。研究方法:统计分析法、三维空间分析法。研究结果:(1)2000—2013年间,中国土地出让金规模不断扩大,土地财政依赖度呈现上升态势。2000—2013年间,31个省(自治区、直辖市)土地出让金水平年均14366.96×108元,累计达201137.40×108元,年均增长速度为39.17%。2000年31个省(自治区、直辖市)土地财政依赖度为8.51%,2013年为38.80%,14年间增加了30.29个百分点,年均增长速度为12.38%。(2)各省(自治区、直辖市)土地财政依赖度呈现分化的趋势,一些省(自治区、直辖市)已经初步显露摆脱土地财政依赖的迹象。研究结论:由于中国各地对土地财政的依赖程度存在较大的差异,各地拥有的土地资源禀赋、所处的社会经济发展阶段也存在一定的差异,因此,各地在选择一条适合本地实际的新型经济发展之路时,不仅要考虑现阶段本地经济对土地财政的依赖程度,而且要考虑本地的土地资源禀赋约束以及本地经济所处的发展阶段,采取有所差别的应对之策。
The purpose of this paper is to measure the land financial dependence from 2000 to 2013 in China, to analyze spatial difference of land financial dependence and to put forward the path selection of cracking local government land fiscal dilemma combined with land resources endowment and the level of economic development of each provincial region. Methods employed are statistical analysis and three-dimensional space analysis. The results indicate that 1 )land- transferring fees expand unceasingly and land financial dependence presents the rising trend from 2000 to 2013. And theaverage of land-transferring fees is 1436.696 billion yuan, total of 20113.740 billion yuan. The annual average growth rate is 39.17%. Land financial dependence is 8.51% in 2000 and it is 38.80% in 2013. It is increased by 30.29% from 2000 to 2013. The annual average growth rate is 12.38%; 2)the regional land financial dependence presents the trend of differentiation. Some provinces have showed the signs of getting rid of financial dependence on land. The paper concludes that there are regional differences not only of land financial dependence but also land resources endowment and the stage of economic development. When various regions select new economic development ways that are suitable for their own condition, not only the local economic dependence on land finance at the present stage but also the constraint of local land resources endowment and stage of local economic development should be considered.