中文摘要：

综述了Nd：YAG和高熔点稀土倍半氧化物激光透明陶瓷的研究进展。激光透明陶瓷作为激光增益介质，已显示出潜在的性能优势，Nd：YAG透明陶瓷激光器的输出功率已超过1kW，Yb^2＋：Y2O3稀土倍半氧化物陶瓷激光器的输出功率也达到10W。介绍了激光陶瓷制备工艺和激活离子的能级结构，比较了普通陶瓷和激光陶瓷的显微组织，指出完美的显微组织是获得激光输出的关键，最后展望了该领域的发展前景和研究趋势。

英文摘要：

The progess of Nd ： YAG and HM sesquioxide＇laser transparent ceramics are stated. Transparent laser ceramics show potential excellent performances as laser gain medium. The output power of Nd ： YAG ceramic laser exceeds 1kW and that of Yb^2＋ ： Y2O3 HM sesquioxide ceramic laser reaches more than 10W. Fabricating technology and the energy level structure of active ions are introduced. The microstructures of commom ceramics and laser ceramics are compared and a conclusion that perfect microstructure is the key of obtaining laser is drawn. At last, the development and research tendency of this field are prospected.