中文摘要：

目的 探讨可曲式内科电子胸腔镜在结核性胸膜炎诊断中的应用价值.方法 回顾性分析2008年1月～2013年12月经可曲式内科电子胸腔镜胸膜活检的不明原因渗出性胸腔积液患者60例,其中男34例,女26例,年龄最小20岁,最大74岁,经胸水常规、细菌学、细胞学、生化与免疫等检查至少两次,或诊断性抗结核治疗1个月仍不能确诊者,进行内科胸腔镜检查.结果 60例不明原因胸腔积液患者经可曲式内科电子胸腔镜胸膜活检后,确诊56例（93％）,其中结核性胸膜炎21例（35％）,恶性胸腔积液35例（58％）,另外4例（7％）病理为慢性炎症;结核性胸膜炎确诊率较高,为95.4％（21/22）,恶性胸腔积液为92.1％ （35/38）.60例患者术中、术后均无严重不良反应发生,平均拔管时间1～7 d.结论 可曲式内科电子胸腔镜是一项简单、快捷、安全的检查方法,在结核性胸膜炎诊断中具有重要的应用价值.

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the application value of the flexible electronic medical thoracoscopy in diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy. Methods Retrospective analysis of 60 patients from January of 2008 to December of 2013 who suffered from unknown exudative pleural effusion and had pleural biopsy diagnosis via the flexible electronic medical thoracoscopy. Among 60 patients, 34 were male,26 were female, and the eldest and youngest were 20 and 74 years old respectively. Medical thoracoscopy test was used to those who still got no definite diagnosis after having the tests of pleural effusion,bacteriology, cytology, biochemistry,immune, etc.or having diagnostic antituberculosis therapy of one month. Results 56 patients （93%） got definite diagnosis,among which 21 （35%）were of tuberculous pleuritis and 35 （58%） were of malignant pleural effusion, and the rest 4 patients （7%） were of chronic inflammation. The diagnosis rate of tuberculous pleural effusion and malignant pleural effusion were as high as 95.4% （21/22） and 92.1% （35/38）, respectively.No serious adverse effects were observed among these 60 patients during and after operation, and the av- erage extubation time was 1-7 days. Conclusion The flexible electronic medical thoracoscopy is a simple,fast and safe method for medical test and has significant application value in the diagnosis of tuberculous pleuritis.