中文摘要：

miRNAs (microRNAs ) 是小的，功能的、非编码的 RNA 并且被证明了在从房间区别到有机体开发的多样的生物过程的规定含有。以达到在鸡胚胎上探索 miRNAs 的角色性决心和 gonadal 区别，我们克隆并且识别茎环先锋结构( GenBank 同意没有 GU597370 )鸡肉， miR-363 和363*由在 E3.56.5 d 的阶段在鸡胚胎学习他们的时间、空间的表示模式列在后面(胚胎的天 3.56.5 )由半量的 RT-PCR 和愿望(在 situ 杂交整个山)在这研究。结果显示出那 miR-363 * 根据 miRNAs 的结构的特征在 miR-363 和 363* 的鸡染色体，和 flanking 顺序在未知片断的克隆的顺序定位了先锋。显著地微分的表示(P < 0.05 ) 在雌、雄的鸡肉之间的 gga-miR-363，胚胎的性腺被发现在 E4.5 和 6.5 d，而是 gga-miR-363 的微分表示 * 从 E3.5，到 6.5，在两性之间的 d 达不到重要水平。那个表达式 gga-miR-363 表明的显示的愿望的结果主要在 E6.5 出现在手足芽，脊索，外胚层，在 E4.5 d 鸡胚胎的大脑，和尿生殖的系统(UGS ) d，和 E6.5 d 的表达式水平在男性比那在女性是更高的。gga-miR-363 将在 gonadal 发展和 gga-miR-363 包含，这能被推测 * 可能在鸡胚胎开发的早阶段期间有短暂规章的功能。

英文摘要：

miRNAs （microRNAs） are small, functional, non-coding RNAs and have been proved to implicate in regulation of diverse biological processes ranging from cell differentiation to organism development. With the purpose of exploring the roles of miRNAs on chicken embryo sexual determination and gonadal differentiation, we cloned and identified the stem-loop precursor structure （GenBank accession no. GU597370） of chicken miR-363 and 363＊ followed by studying their temporal and spatial expression patterns in chicken embryo at the stage of E3.5-6.5 d （embryonic days 3.5-6.5） by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and WISH （whole-mount in situ hybridization） in this study. The results showed that miR-363＊ located in cloned sequence of unknown segment in chicken genome, and flanking sequence of miR-363 and 363＊ according to the structural features of miRNAs precursor. Significantly differential expression （P 〈 0.05） of gga-miR-363 between female and male chicken embryonic gonads was found at E4.5 and 6.5 d, but the differential expression of gga-miR363＊ from E3.5 to 6.5 d between both sexes fell short of significant level. The results of WISH indicated that expression signals of gga-miR-363 mainly appeared at limb bud, notochord, ectoderm, brain in E4.5 d chicken embryo, and urogenital systems （UGSs） at E6.5 d, and the expression level of E6.5 d was higher in the female than that in the male. It can be speculated that gga-miR-363 would involve in the gonadal development and gga-miR363＊ might have transient regulatory functions during the early stages of chicken embryo development.