中文摘要：

对我国西部地区典型山地、高原及荒漠绿洲湖泊沉积物岩心采用高分辨率XRF元素扫描进行地球化学元素测试。挑选其中XRF信号强度较高且信号相对稳定的Al、Si、Cl、K、Ca、Ti、Mn、Fe、Rb、Sr、Y、Zr等元素进行聚类分析、因子分析和相关分析等多元统计分析,结果表明：湖泊元素组成与区域环境和湖泊类型密切相关;在我国西部湖泊中,沉积物元素组成主要以湖泊流水补给所带来的Al、Si、K、Ti、Rb等外源碎屑元素为主,外源碎屑元素的含量和组成受流域基岩状况、风化状况、植被覆盖程度以及以降水为主导的流域侵蚀作用强弱的控制,可用来指示流域降水量和相应的生态环境状况;Ca、Sr等强烈迁移元素的变化受湖泊水位、湖泊水化学特征和湖泊类型影响,可用来指示湖泊水文特征。

英文摘要：

Element contents aere measured with high resolution X-ray Fluorescence（XRF）core scanner for the sediments taken from some typical mountain lakes,plateau lakes and oasis lakes in Northwest China.The elements with high and stable XRF intensities are analyzed with multivariate statistic methods,including cluster analysis,factor analysis and correlation analysis.The results of the analysis indicate that the composition of elements in lake sediments is highly related to the regional environment and types of lakes.Exogenous detrital elements brought into lakes by water,such as Al,Si,K,Ti and Rb,are the dominant elements in lake sediments,and the intensities and types of those elements depend upon bedrocks,weathering condition,vegetation coverage and watershed erosion,which are related with the precipitation in drainage basins.The intensities of elements Ca,Sr are related to lake level,water chemistry and lake types,Therefore,they could indicate the hydrological dynamics of lakes.