中文摘要：

将GIS应用到流域城市水环境污染治理的水交易机制研究中，从流域水资源及污染状况、各流域城市用水及排污情况到交易的各个过程，建立水质与水量的历史与实时数据，水环境评价等级，制定水质标准及法规和条例，建立数据空间数据和属性特征的拓扑关系等方面，对流域城市之间的和谐发展关系、提高水污染控制规划水平、管理水平和流域水环境的保护可持续利用起到重要作用．最终应用到流域水污染控制规划领域．基于GIS的水交易支持系统可以分为以下6个子系统：流域管理子系统，流域信息子系统，流域水质评价子系统，流域环境管理子系统，流域交易信息子系统，监督管理子系统．GIS基础上的流域城市水环境运行和管理是一种多目标、层次化和网络化的模式，流域城市GIS建立后，将直观、迅速、有效的体现流域水资源的变化及水资源使用和流域城市排污状况，同时为流域城市的水交易建立一个清晰、准确的平台，形成一个水资源的交易体系．

英文摘要：

GIS is applied to the water trading mechanism study of the water environment pollution control in the river basin cities to establish the history and real-time data of the water quality and water quantity and the water environmental evaluation level, make water quality standards and rules and regulations, set up a topological relationship between the data spatial data and the attribute data from river basin water resource and pollution situation and the river basin urban water usage and sewage situation to each trading process, which plays a very important role to develop a harmonious relationship among the river basin cities, improve water pollution control planning level and the management level, and protect the sustainable use of the river basin water environment. GIS-based water trading support system applied to the river basin water pollution control planning field can be classified into six subsystems： river basin management subsystem, river basin information subsystem,river basin water quality evaluation subsystem, river basin environmental management subsystem, river basin trading information subsystem and supervision and management subsystem. GIS-based water environmental operation and management in the river basin cities is a multiobjective,hierarchical and networking mode. After the establishment of GIS in the river basin cities, the change of river basin water resource and water use and sewage situation in the river basin cities will be reflected intuitively,promptly and effectively. At the same time,a clear and accurate platform will be established for the water trading in the river basin cities, forming a trading system of water resource.