中文摘要：

盐胁迫是影响植物生长发育及产量的重要非生物因素。一定浓度的盐分可以通过渗透胁迫、离子胁迫等不同程度地伤害植物的细胞膜透性,并产生次级氧化胁迫,从而造成植物自身代谢紊乱及部分蛋白合成受阻等现象。植物Na^＋/H^＋逆向转运蛋白可通过将Na^＋逆向转运出细胞外或者将其区隔化于液泡中来抵御环境中过高的Na^＋,从而维持细胞内正常的Na^＋水平及pH等。目前已经从多种植物中克隆到编码Na^＋/H^＋逆向转运蛋白的基因。经研究发现,将这些基因转入盐敏感植物可大大提高植物的耐盐性,对于开发盐碱地及提高农作物的产量具有非常重要的意义。主要概述了植物Na^＋/H^＋逆向转运蛋白的分子生物学研究及其与耐盐性之间的关系。

英文摘要：

Salt stress is an important abiotic factor that affects plant growth and yield. A certain concentration of salt can damage the cell membrane permeability of plants in different degree through osmotic stress and ion stress. And at the same time, it also can produce secondary oxidative stress, resulting in plant metabolic disorders and protein synthesis blocked. The Na~＋/ H~＋antiporter can transport the excess Na~＋out of the cell or compartmentalize it in the vacuole in order to resist the high Na~＋in the environment. In this way, the normal Na~＋level and p H in the cells can be maintained. At present, genes encoding Na~＋/ H~＋antiporters have been isolated from several plant species. The study shows that the overexpression of these genes in the salt sensitive plants can greatly improve the salt tolerance of plants. This is very significant for the development of saline-alkali soil and the increase of crop yield. This paper mainly summarizes the molecular biology research of the plant Na~＋/ H~＋antiporter and its relationship with salt tolerance.