中文摘要：

以陕北黄土高原地区7种优势植物为材料,比较了它们沟间地和沟谷地植株叶片解剖结构的差异,以揭示该地区优势植物对干旱强光照环境的生态适应性。结果表明：（1）7种植物各自具有抵抗黄土高原干旱强光照环境的特殊解剖结构：白羊草（Bothriochloa ischaemum）叶上表皮具有发达的泡状细胞,叶内具有花环结构;长芒草（Stipa bungeana）叶上表皮下陷形成气孔窝,表皮下具有2至多层的厚壁组织;猪毛蒿（Artemisia scoparia）叶具有贮水组织、分泌组织和环栅型叶肉细胞;铁杆蒿（Artemisia sacrorum）叶肉全特化为栅栏组织;茭蒿（Artemisia gi-raldii）具有双栅型叶肉细胞和分泌结构;达乌里胡枝子（Lespedeza daurica）叶具有发达的粘液细胞;杠柳（Perip-loca sepium）叶表皮具厚蜡质层。（2）与沟谷地植物叶片结构相比,干旱强光照的沟间地植物叶片厚度、叶上表皮角质层厚度、栅栏组织厚度、贮水组织厚度增加,上表皮细胞体积、韧皮部面积增大,而木质部面积、木质部面积/韧皮部面积缩小。（3）叶片变异系数可反映植物适应环境的潜在能力,7种植物综合变异系数由高到低依次为猪毛蒿、铁杆蒿、茭蒿、白羊草、达乌里胡枝子、长芒草、杠柳。潜在适应能力最强的猪毛蒿已成为陕北黄土高原地区植被生态恢复的先锋物种之一。

英文摘要：

In order to reveal characteristics of ecological adaptabilities of dominant species and find out the relationship between ecological factors and leaf structures variations,the foliar anatomical structures of seven dominant species（including Bothriochloa ischaemum,Stipa bungeana,Artemisia scoparia,Artemisia giraldii,Artemisia sacrorum,Lespedeza daurica,Periploca sepium） in the north Shaanxi Loess Plateau were observed.The main results are as follow：（1）There are some special characteristics for each species to resist the drought and strong light stress in each species,such as special bulliform cells and kranz structure of Bothriochloa ischaemum;multilayer sclerenchyma under epidermis and stomatal pit of Stipa bungeana;Water storage parenchyma and ring palisade type mesophyll of A.scoparia;Palisade tissue of A.sacrorum;Secretory cavity and total palisade type mesophyll of A.giraldii;Mucilage cell of L.daurica;Epicutile wax layer of P.sepium.（2）In the arid and strong light intergully area,upper epidermis cuticular layer thickness,leaf thickness,palisade tissue thickness,water storage parenchyma thickness are getting thickness;upper epidermis cells size,phloem transect area makes larger;while in contrary for xylem transect area,xylem transect area/phloem transect area became decreased.（3）The average integrative coefficient of variance can measure the potential ability of acclimatization？In the sequence of coefficient of variance from high to low,seven plants were arranged by A.scoparia,A.giraldii,A.sacrorum,B.ischaemum,L.daurica,S.bungeana and P.sepium.The strongest potential ability of acclimatization make A.scoparia to one of the pioneer species for vegetation recovering in the North Shaanxi Loess Plateau.