中文摘要：

提取一生产性规模的给水生物预处理反应器中生物膜样品的总DNA，构建细菌16SrDNA克隆文库，并通过16SrDNA序列的系统发育分析，对生物膜中的细菌种群多样性和群落结构进行了研究．实验结果表明，给水生物膜反应器中的细菌种群多样性十分丰富；生物膜中的细菌分别属于10个主要类群，其中α—Proteobacteria是克隆文库中的最大细菌类群，占克隆子总数的32．28％，其次是β-Proteobacteria；与Rhodobacter系统关系密切的细菌是克隆文库中所占比例最大的一个菌属，占克隆子总数的12．6％；反应器中与硝化作用有关的是Nitrosomonas和Nitrospira属的细菌．研究结果表明，给水生物预处理反应器中的细菌群落结构和废水生物处理反应器中的细菌群落结构是有所差异的．图1表1参13.

英文摘要：

Biofilms in a full-scale bioreactor for pretreating potable water were sampled, DNA was extracted for the 16S rDNA gene amplification, and then a bacterial 16S rDNA gene clone library was constructed. After the phylogenetic analysis of 16S rDNA sequences, bacterial diversity and community structure of the biofilms were studied. This experiment revealed a variety of bacterial divisions on the biofilms. The bacteria in the bioreactor could be divided into 10 groups, and the α-Proteobacteria was the largest fraction （32.28% of total clones）, followed by the β-Proteobacteria. Rhodobacter-like bacteria were the most dominant bacterial clones in the clone library （ 12.6% ）. Nitrosomonas-like and Nitrospira-like microorganisms took the roles of ammonia and nitrite oxidisers in the system. The result shows that the microbial community in the bioreactor treating potable water is different from that treating waste water. Fig 1, Tab 1, Ref 13 .