中文摘要：

目的：探讨心理应激及施用地西泮对抗心理应激后大鼠颞下颌关节关节盘和髁突超微结构的变化。方法：96只雄性SD大鼠,随机分为心理应激组、足部电击组、地西泮药物组和对照组各24只。每组再按实验时间分为1周、3周和5周3个亚组。其中足部电击组只接受电击作为应激源,应激组和药物组处在心理应激交流箱内接受心理应激,对照组仅处在交流箱中而不接受电击组大鼠信息,其余时间所有动物同条件饲养。分别于实验1、3、5周结束时处死心理应激组、地西泮药物组和对照组大鼠,测量体重并收集大鼠颞下颌关节标本,扫描电镜观察其超微结构。结果：与对照组相比,1周心理应激可导致大鼠颞下颌关节出现镜下病理改变;3周时病变最严重,大鼠关节盘表面胶原纤维出现小裂口,髁突表面出现裂痕,深层有胶原纤维暴露,裂缝周围纤维排列紊乱;5周时病变出现修复反应。各时间点药物组大鼠颞下颌关节病变较应激组轻微。结论：心理应激可以引起大鼠颞下颌关节超微结构改变,地西泮可对抗心理应激,减轻颞下颌关节的病理损伤。

英文摘要：

Objective： To investigate whether the psychological stress could induce the ultrastructural change of the rats＇ temporomandibular joints （TMJ） and study the effect of diazepam on the change of TMJ caused by psychological stress. Methods： Ninety--six SD male rats were randomly divided into psychological stress group （PS group）, diazepam drug group （DG group）, foot shock group （FS group） and control group, with 24 rats in each group. The first two groups were normally fed serving as the control group and were placed into the communication box to receive the psychological stress produced by the FS rats during the experimental time. Then the PS group rats, DG group rats and control group rats were executed and sampled at 1 week （lw）, 3 weeks （3w） and 5 weeks （5w） separately to observe the ultrastructure of TMJ with scanning electron microscope （SEM）. Results： Ultrastructure of condyle and articular disc were obviously changed in the PS group. Gelatin--like material on the condyle was incomplete in 1w PS rats. Wider waves on the articular disc and exposed condylar collagen were observed in 3w PS rats, even cracks appeared on the surface of condyle. Then the pathological changes of TMJ began to recover at 5 weeks. Though twisted collagen fibers on the surface of condylar and rough articular disc were observed in the DG rats, the changes were subtle compared to the control group. Conclusion： Psychological stress could result in the ultrastructural change of the rats＇ TMJ, and diazepam might antagonize the psychological stress to protect the TMJ.