中文摘要：

目的：比较分析2012年和2013年儿科下呼吸道感染铜绿假单胞菌的耐药性，为I晦床合理应用抗菌药物提供科学依据。方法：对本院2012年和2013年儿科下呼吸道标本中分离的铜绿假单胞菌进行比较分析，用VITEK2微生物分析系统进行病原菌鉴定和药敏分析。结果：儿科下呼吸道标本共分离出82株铜绿假单胞菌，其中2012年分离出35株，多重耐药铜绿假单胞菌检出率为2．9％；2013年分离出47株，多重耐药铜绿假单胞菌检出率为4．3％。2013年儿科下呼吸道感染铜绿假单胞菌对环丙沙星、环丙沙星和氨曲南等8种抗菌药物的耐药率高于2012年，其耐药率均低于10％。结论：2013年儿科下呼吸道标本分离的铜绿假单胞菌对常用8种抗菌药物耐药率高于2012年，应用抗菌药物治疗儿科下呼吸道感染时，临床医师在经验用药后应根据致病菌的耐药特点和药敏结果，合理选用抗菌药物，从而有效控制和减缓细菌耐药性的发生。

英文摘要：

Objective： To compare drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in lower respiratory tract infection in paediatric ward from 2012 to ：2013 ,so as to provide scientific basis for clinical rational use of antibiotics. Methods： Compare drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from samples of lower respiratory tract infection in paediatric ward from 2012 to 2013. using VITEK -2 microbiology a- nalysis system for the pathogen identification and drug sensitive. Results： A total of 82 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were isolated , a- mong which,35 strains were isolated in 201：2. The detection rate of multi - resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa among all the isolated strains was 2.9% ;47 strains were isolated in 2013 , The detection rate of multi - resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa among all the isolated strains was 4.3%. The resistance rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The resistance rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to amikacin and ciprofloxaein and in ：2013 were higher than that in 2012. ;and the resistance rates were all lower than 10%. Conclusion： The drug resistance rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 2013 to 8 familiar kinds of antibacterial drugs was higher than that in 2012 in lower respiratory tract infection in paediatric ward. For application of antibacterial drugs in the treatment of such bacterial infection, more attention should be paid to strengthening the monitoring of susceptibility changes in clinical infectious bacteria, targeted selection of antibacterial drugs with high sen- sitivity, in order to effective control and reduce the incidence of bacterial drug resistance.