中文摘要：

利用25国1996—2009年的面板数据，运用超效率DEA和DEA—Tobit两步法对各国的国家创新效率和影响因素进行了分析。主要发现包括：经济危机对各国国家创新效率和创新全要素生产率均有负面影响，其中技术退步是引起各国全要素生产率下降的主要因素；中国的国家创新效率仍然处于较低的水平，在样本考察期内总体呈现下降趋势，且存在较为严重的技术退步现象；企业、高等院校和科研机构的创新协同是有效率的，三者的创新活动均显著而持续地促进了国家创新效率提高；一国宏观税率对国家创新效率具有拉弗效应，过高和过低的税率均不利于促进国家创新效率。

英文摘要：

Using 1996 -2009 panel data of 25 countries, the paper analyzes the national innovation efficiency and its influencing factors by using super-efficiency DEA and DEA-Tobit two-step method. The major findings include： 1） Economic crisis has a negative impact on national innovation efficiency and total factor productivity for every country. Moreover, the decline of TFP is mostly caused by Technical regress; 2） China＇s national innovation efficiency remains at a low level and has overall downward trend during the study period. In addition, technology regress in China is serious; 3） The innovation activities of enterprises, universities and research institutions have significant and sustained effect on promoting national innovation efficiency, so their synergetic innovation is effective; 4） A country＇s macro tax rate has Laffer effect on the national innovation efficiency, high and low tax rates are not conducive to promoting national innovation efficiency.