中文摘要：

半导体量子点（QDs）是一类可发荧光的纳米粒子，由于其独特的光学和电子特性，已被广泛用于生物医学成像。与传统的有机染料和荧光蛋白相比，它们的发射光谱可随尺寸大小调节，有很强的信号亮度，且可抵抗光漂白效应，并且可以同时激发多种颜色的荧光。当与靶向配体，如抗体，多肽或小分子偶联时，量子点可被用于靶向肿瘤标志物和肿瘤血管系统，具有很高的亲和力和特异性。本文主要综述了量子点在癌症成像方面的应用，同时也讨论了量子点应用于临床的局限性，并对其未来应用进行了一些展望。

英文摘要：

Semiconductor quantum dots （QDs） are tiny light-emitting particles on the nano-meter scale, and have been widely used for bio-medical applications due to their unique optical and electronic properties. Compared with traditional organic dyes and fluorescent proteins, they have size-tunable light emission, superior signal brightness, photo-bleaching resistance, and broad absorption spectra for simultaneous excitation of multiple lfuorescence colors. When conjugated with targeting ligands such as antibodies, peptides or small molecules, QDs can be used to target tumor bio-markers as well as tumor vasculatures with high afifnity and speciifcity. This paper summarizes some of the applications of QDs for cancer diagnosis and imaging. And it also discusses the restrictions for clinical applications and gives some perspectives for the future applications of QDs.