中文摘要：

为探索纤毛虫在营养及休眠条件下两套遗传系统的作用关系，对膜状急纤虫（Tachysoma pellionella）营养细胞和休眠包囊大核DNA、线粒体DNA进行了RAPD比较。结果显示，在所选用的34条随机引物中，大核DNA共扩增出203条片段，其中以休眠包囊大核DNA为模板扩增出45条特有片段，以营养细胞大核DNA为模板扩增出36条特有片段，两者存在40％的差异。在所选用的32条随机引物中，线粒体DNA共扩增出216条片段，其中以休眠包囊线粒体DNA为模板扩增出35条特有片段，以营养细胞线粒体DNA为模板扩增出47条特有片段，两者有38％的差异。结果表明，膜状急纤虫休眠包囊与营养期的大核DNA结构存在显著的差异；两者的线粒体DNA结构也存在较大差异。这表明，膜状急纤虫在包囊形成过程中，大核及线粒体DNA结构可能都发生了一定的变化，并且这些变化可能与包囊形成过程中的形态结构和代谢活动等剧烈变化以及休眠状态下的生理生化变化密切相关。

英文摘要：

The macronuclear and mitochondrial DNAs from vegetative and resting cells of Ciliophora protozoa Tachysoma pellionella （TP） were comparatively analyzed using RAPD technique to explore the relationship beween two genetic systems of ciliates under vegetative and resting conditions. A total of 203 fragments were amplified from the resting cyst and the vegetative cell DNAs using 34 random primers, of which 45 fragments were specific to the resting cyst macronuclear DNA and 36 fragments were specific to the vegetative cell macronuclear DNA. The variance value was 40%. A total of 216 fragments were amplified from the resting cyst and the vegetative cell mitochondrial DNAs using 32 random primers, of which 35 fragments were specific to the resting cyst mitochondria DNA and 47 fragments were specific to the vegetative cell mitochondrial DNA. The variance value was 38 % . These data suggest that there is variance in the structures of both macronuclear DNA and mitochondrial DNA in the resting cyst and the vegetative cells. Therefore, in the process of cyst formation, the structures of the macronuclear and mitochondrial DNAs undergo some changes, which are closely related to the dramatic changes in structural features and metabolic activities and to the physiological and biochemical changes in the resting state.