中文摘要：

通过在陕北安塞油田某废弃油井建立中试试验基地,以实验室中筛选分离得到的高效降解石油的优势菌为添加的高效菌,研究土壤石油初始浓度、营养物质和高效菌对石油降解的影响。结果表明：（1）在各土壤石油初始浓度下,石油降解率总体均随降解时间的延长而升高。在土壤石油初始质量浓度为15.34g/kg下,72d时石油降解率为47.8%左右;在土壤石油初始质量浓度为12.77g/kg下,72d时石油降解率为53.0%左右;在土壤石油初始质量浓度为6.56g/kg下,79d时石油降解率高达83.2%。较低的土壤石油初始浓度有利于石油降解。（2）添加营养物质使石油降解率显著提高,这说明污染土壤中严重缺乏氮、磷营养物质。（3）添加高效菌和不添加高效菌的石油降解曲线变化基本一致。27d时添加高效菌和不添加高效菌的石油降解率分别为87.0%和75.9%;42d时添加高效菌和不添加高效菌的石油降解率分别为80.2%和47.2%;79d时添加高效菌和不添加高效菌的石油降解率分别为72.0%和72.6%。（4）添加高效菌在短期内有利于快速降解石油污染物。石油浓度和营养物质的添加是高效菌生长的重要因素。

英文摘要：

In order to study the influence of oil content,the supplementary of nutritive material and addition of high effective strains on the oil degradability,the pilot test was carried out in the abandoned well site at Ansai oilfield in Northern Shaanxi Province and the high effective strains selected from oil-contaminated soil in the laboratory were added to the soil.The results showed that the degradability of oil was increased with increasing the degradation time.When the initial oil concentration was 15.34,12.77 g/kg respectively,the corresponding degradability was 47.8%,53.0% after 72 days.When the initial oil concentration was below 6.56 g/kg,the degradability was 83.2% after 79 days.So,lower oil concentration enhanced the oil degradation.The oil degradability was obviously increased after adding the nutriment into oil-contaminated soil,which induced that the nutriment such as N and P were seriously lacked in oil contaminated soil.The change of the oil degradability was similar in groups of adding effective strains and without effective strains.The oil degradability of soil with and without effective strains was 87.0% and 75.9% respectively after 27 days,the oil degradability decreased to 80.2% and 47.2% after 42 days,and the oil degradability was finally 72.0% and 72.6% after 79 days.The addition of high effective strains enhanced oil degradation in the short time and the initial oil concentration and the adding nutriment were the important factors for the growth of the strains.