中文摘要：

有机废弃物的资源化高效利用是目前生产实际中面临的紧迫问题.本文通过布置土壤培育试验,施用不同添加剂处理后的水稻秸秆腐解物,研究土壤养分和生物性状变化.结果显示,施用添加剂处理的水稻秸秆腐解物对红壤理化指标和生物学性质有明显影响.施用碱渣处理的秸秆腐解物能够提高土壤pH,缓解红壤酸化;施用秸秆腐解物对红壤碱解氮含量影响不明显,但可提高速效磷、速效钾含量,尤其施用FeSO4处理的秸秆腐解物效果较为显著;培养60天时施用添加剂处理秸秆腐解物的红壤脲酶、转化酶活性达到高峰,并且均表现为添加剂处理秸秆腐解物＞无添加剂处理秸秆腐解物＞对照,其中施用碱渣处理的秸秆腐解物的土壤酶活性较高;施用秸秆腐解物后红壤微生物生物量碳、微生物生物量氮含量呈现先减少后增加的动态变化,培养结束时微生物生物量碳最高的为碱渣处理,较施用无添加剂处理和对照分别提高46.5％和286.2％,而微生物生物量氮最高的则为碱渣配合FeSO4处理;与对照相比,各处理土壤微生物对碳源的利用能力增强,尤其是施用碱渣处理秸秆腐解物不仅能够显著提高微生物AWCD值,还明显提高了红壤微生物功能多样性.以上结果表明,施用碱渣处理的水稻秸秆腐解物对红壤肥力提升和生物功能提高具有明显效果.

英文摘要：

Recycling and efficient use of organic-waste is a pressing issues facing the actual production.To provide a theoretical basis for scientific and rational management and improving the red soil fertility and biological function,changes of soil nutrients and biological properties were studied by incubation experiment in this study.The results showed that there were significant effects on physicochemical and biological properties of red soil.Treatment of alkali slag could alleviate the acidification of red soil.Although there were no obvious effects between treatments on alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen,straw decomposition promoted by additive,especially FeSO4 could improve the available phosphorus and potassium.After 60 d,the urease and invertase activities of additives treatments reached peak values and was in an order of additives straw decomposition ＞none additives straw decomposition ＞ control.The MBC and MBN reduced first and then increased during incubation time.In the end,the MBC of alkali slag treatment was 46.5％ and 286.2％ higher than those of none additives and control respectively,but the MBN of FeSO4 treatment was highest in our study.The carbon utilization abilities of soil microbial were improved by treatments,especially by the alkali slag treatment.Our results suggested that the straw decomposition promoted by alkali slag could enhance the fertility and biological function of red soil obviously,this will provide scientific reference for improving the quality of red soil.