中文摘要：

在一粒小麦与葡萄牙野燕麦远缘杂交后代中,选育了5个形态学稳定的抗条锈病衍生系（‘一粒葡’）YLP-1、YLP-7、YLP-9、YLP-13和YLP-16,为筛选含有外源染色体且抗性优良的植株,对该衍生系的细胞学特征和抗病性进行了鉴定。细胞学初步鉴定表明：根尖染色体数目均为2n=42,花粉母细胞减数分裂中期Ⅰ染色体构型为2n=21Ⅱ;5个选系与‘中国春’杂交F1花粉母细胞减数分裂中期Ⅰ的异常细胞构型率为16%～50%;初步鉴定这5个‘一粒葡’材料均为易位系,验证了‘一粒葡’是远缘杂交的后代。用9个条锈菌小种分别对9个株系进行苗期抗病性鉴定,有5个株系YLP-1-4、YLP-7、YLP-9-1、YLP-9-3、YLP-16-1对所有参试小种都表现为高抗,且与已知的Yr5、Yr10、Yr15、Yr24/Yr26基因不同,表明‘一粒葡’中可能含有新的抗病基因,可作为抗源用于小麦抗病育种。

英文摘要：

Five lines of YLP, YLP-1, YLP-7, YLP-9, YLP-13 and YLP-16, the distant hybridization generations from Triticum monococcum and Arena fatua L ,which stability resistance to Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici. （Pst） were selected as experiment materials. In order to choose containing alien chromosomes and the strongest resistant plants,we made cytogenetic analysis and resistance evaluation of these hybrid derivatives. 2n=42 chromosomes were observed after identification root tip in cytology and the chromosome configuration of most pollen mother cell during metaphase of meiosis I were 2n=21 Ⅱ ;In the pollen mother cell of F1 plants from five derivatives and Chinese Spring,the frequency of abnormal cells were 16%- 50 %. Primary identification showed that these materials were translocation lines. YLP were verified generations from distant hybridization. The resistance of these selected nine lines to nine races of stripe rust were done during seedling stage,five lines （YLP-1-4,YLP-7,YLP-9-1 ,YLP-9-3 and YLP-16-1） resistant to all of these nine races,and could have new genes different from YrS,YrlO,Yr15 and Yr24/Yr26. We conclued that YLP contains new resistance genes to stripe rust. It could be used as a new source in wheat re-sistance breeding to stripe rust.