中文摘要：

孤独症儿童对社会刺激的注意行为存在缺陷，主要表现在对眼睛注视的定向注意和联合注意受损。回溯研究发现，孤独症儿童在婴儿期就表现出对社会刺激如面孔、名字等的注意损伤。然而采用空间注意线索化范式，发现既有证据表明他们能对眼睛注视线索发出注意定向行为，也有相反的证据。孤独症儿童联合注意的缺损主要表现在，不能对他人的社会指向做出反应，也不能主动发出注意分享行为。文章回顾了孤独症儿童对眼睛注视线索引起的注意定向的研究，分析了结果存在矛盾的可能原因，列举了他们在联合注意缺损上的主要表现，并总结了与其社会性注意相关神经基础的异常。

英文摘要：

Autism children are impaired in social attention, which is mainly represented as impairment of eye gaze oriented attention and joint attention. Retrospective studies show that autism children are insensitive to social stimuli such as faces and names when they are infants. However, adopting the paradigm of visuospatial cuing task, inconclusive results are found in terms of eye gaze oriented attention. The impairment of joint attention of autism children mainly includes that they can neither respond to other people＇ s social orientation nor can they initiate joint attention spontaneously. This article reviews researches on autism children＇ s eye gaze oriented attention, analyzes possible reasons of those mixed results, lists details of their impairment in joint attention, and summarizes the atypical development on neural substrates of social attention in autism children.