中文摘要：

在我国经济社会迈向全面小康和现代化的进程中,农业发展进入瓶颈期,传统细碎化的小农经营体系已无法适应现代市场的需求。在开放的经济体系中,传统小农经营体系的竞争力日趋下降。要想促进中国农业由传统走向现代,必须要打破传统,探索构建符合中国国情并能适应市场的新型农业经营体系。党的十八大及十八届三中全会明确提出了构建新型农业经营体系的战略构想。本文在理论分析的基础上,结合不同资源禀赋国家现代农业发展的经验,阐述了现代农业经营的制度逻辑,进而根据我国农业发展所面临的困境以及农业经营环境的条件,描绘了符合中国特色的新型农业经营体系的构建路径,并且基于要素投入结构差异化的视角探讨土地密集型、劳动密集型和资本密集型农业类别的新型农业经营体系基本模式,最后展望我国新型农业经营体系的发展前景与政策保障。

英文摘要：

When the Chinese economy and society advance towards moderate prosperity in all respects and modernization, agricultural development enters into the bottleneck period, the traditional small-scale operating system based on rural families has been unable to adapt to the needs of the modern market. In the open economy system, the traditional small-scale farming system is becoming increasingly uncompetitive. To modernize China＇s agriculture, we must make breakthroughs on the basis of the tradition, and explore the establishment of a new agricultural operating system that is suited to China＇s national conditions and adapts to the market. The Eighteenth Congress of the CPC and the Third Plenary Session of the Eighteenth CPC Central Committee both clearly propose the strategic idea of establishing a new agricultural operating system. On the basis of theoretical analysis and the experiences of countries with different resource conditions in modern agricultural development, this article elaborated the institutional logic of modern agricultural operation; and described the establishment pathway for a new agricultural operation system with Chinese characteristics according to the difficulties facing Chinese agriculture and the agricultural operating environment; discussed the basic patterns under the new agricultural operation system, including land-intensive, labor-intensive and capital-intensive agricultures; and finally looked at the prospect and policy guarantee of the new agricultural operating system.