中文摘要：

针对熔融拉锥法难以应用于制作特种光纤耦合器的情况，研究设计了一种适用于光子晶体光纤（PCF）或椭芯保偏光纤（EcPMF）等特种光纤耦合器制作的光纤侧边抛磨、侧面熔粘（FSA）耦合方法。通过建立仿真模型优化了光纤侧边抛磨的抛磨区包层剩余厚度等关键参数，利用侧边抛磨单模光纤（SMF）成功制作出FSA侧边抛磨光纤耦合器，并测试了光纤耦合器的相关特性参数。实验结果显示，侧面FSA耦合方法可制作耦合比（CR）为0～90％的特种光纤耦合器；所制作的光纤耦合器附加损耗（EL）小于0．5dB；在100nm光波长范围内，波长相关损耗（WDL）小于1dB；耦合输出端的偏振相关损耗（PDL）在光波长1310nm、1550nm处分别为0．30dB、0．45dB。研究结果验证了光纤侧边抛磨、侧面FSA耦合方法制作特种光纤耦合器的可行性，为有特殊要求的PCF或ECPMF等特种光纤耦合器制作奠定了方法基础。

英文摘要：

Referring to the invalidity of fused tapering method in fabricating optical fiber couplers based on special fibers, such as photonic crystal fiber （PCF） and elliptical core polarization maintaining fiber （ECPMF） ,a new fabrication method of fused side-adhered （FSA） coupling based on a pair of side-polished fibers is proposed. Numerical model is set up and simulation analysis is performed to optimize the key parameters of side polished fiber, like the remaining thickness in the polished area. Using the proposed method and the optimized parameters, we conduct experiments to fabricate a single mode fiber coupler and characterize its performance. The results show that fiber couplers with various coupling rate from 0% to 90% can be available with the FSA method,excess loss and output ports wavelength dependence loss are less than 0. 5 dB, and 1 dB, respectively, and the coupled port output polarization dependence loss is 0.3 dB at wavelength of 1310 nm and 0. 45 dB at 1550 nm. This paper demonstrates the feasibility of the FSA method we propose, and supplies theoretical and technical basis in fabricating opti- cal couplers based on special fibers for special requirements.