中文摘要：

目的探讨采用大剂量甲氨喋呤联合利妥昔单抗治疗原发性中枢神经系统淋巴瘤的效果。方法选择自2006年1月至2013年1月在北京天坛医院神经外科收治的37例原发性中枢神经系统淋巴瘤患者，比较2组方法治疗原发中枢神经系统淋巴瘤的疗效。一组为靶向治疗组（9例）采用大剂量甲氨喋呤（3g／m^2）联合利妥昔单抗（375mg／m^2）联合化疗，9例患者分别行2-6周期化疗；另一组（28例）为传统治疗组采用全脑放疗加大剂量甲氨喋呤（3g／m^2）治疗2～6个周期，并对2组患者的无进展生存期进行随访。结果靶向治疗组治疗后5例得到完全缓解，2例得到部分缓解，1例稳定，1例出现进展。传统治疗组12例出现完全缓解，11例出现部分缓解，4例病情稳定，2例出现病情进展。靶向治疗组中位无进展生存时间为28个月，传统治疗组中位无进展生存时间为11个月。结论大剂量甲氨喋呤联合利妥昔单抗方案治疗原发性中枢神经系统淋巴瘤，疗效满意，副作用少，可作为原发中枢神经系统淋巴瘤的一种治疗方案。

英文摘要：

Objective To explore the effect of new therapy of high-dose methotrexate （HD-MTX, 3 g/m^2） combined with rituximab on primary central nervous system lymphoma. Methods Thirty-seven patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma, admitted to our hospital from January 2006 to January 2013, were chosen in our study; targeted therapy group （n=9） accepted chemotherapy scheme （HD-MTX ＋Rituximab 375 mg/m^2） for 2-6 cycles （4 weeks a cycle）, and the traditional treatment group adopted whole brain radiotherapy plus HD-MTX for 2-6 cycles. Progressive free survival （PFS） was compared between the two groups. Results Complete response was achieved in 5 patients of targeted therapy group, partial response in 2, stable disease in 1 and progressive disease in 1. Complete response was achieved in 12 patients of traditional treatment group, partial response in 11, stable disease in 4 and progressive disease in 2. The median PFS in the targeted therapy group was 28 months while that in the traditional treatment group was 11 months, with significant difference （R=0.823, P=-0.021）. Conclusion The scheme of HD-MTX combined with Rituximab for primary central nervous system lymphoma relieves the side-effect of the traditional therapy and gains satisfied results, which can be recommended as an effective therapy for primary central nervous system lymphoma.