中文摘要：

摘要iRubisco是植物光合作用的关键酶。高等植物Rubisco由叶绿体基因编码的大亚基和核基因编码的小亚基组成，其催化活性位点位于大亚基。利用来自大豆品种科丰1号和南农1138—2的重组自交系群体NJRIKY及其分子遗传图谱，通过盆栽试验定位与Rubisco大亚基含量有关的QTL。检测到3个QTL，分别位于D2（染色体Gm17）、G（染色体Gm18）和O（染色体Gm10）连锁群上，LOD值为2．00～4．60，贡献率为4．50％～19．00％。这一结果表明，尽管大亚基由叶绿体基因编码，核基因组染色体的某些区段可调控其含量变化。这些区段内可能存在负责细胞核质间物质转运和／或信号传导的基因。

英文摘要：

ABSTRACT： Plants rely on Rubisco for carbon fixation. In higher plants, Rubisco consists of two subunits, the chloro- plast-encoded large subunit （LS） and the nuclear-encoded small subunit, with the active sites for carboxylase and oxygen- ase activities residing on the LS. The aim of the present study was to identify genomic regions associated with Rubisco LS content in soybean. A pot experiment was carried out to determine the content of Rubisco LS using a recombinant inbsed line （RIL） population derived from a cross between two soybean varieties of Kefeng No. 1 and Nannong 1138-2. Three QTLs for Rubiseo LS content on linkage group D2 （Chromosome （Gm 17））, G （Gin 18） and O （Gm 10）, respectively, were identified, and explained phenotypic variation ranging from 4.5 % to 19.0 % with the LOD score from 2.00 to 4.60. These results suggest that the Rubisco LS, though encoded by chloroplast genes, could be regulated by nuclear genes. Some genes responsible for nuclear-to-cytoplasmic signaling might exist in the chromosome regions of the QTLs identified in this study. These QTLs might also contribute to the development of marker-assisted selection breeding program for enhanced soybean yield via modulating the Rubisco LS content.