中文摘要：

以裸地（无林地）为对照，对塔里木河河滩地3种植被类型的土壤水文物理性状和土壤贮水性能进行研究。结果表明：（1）3种植被类型土壤总孔隙度、非毛管孔隙度、孔隙比、最大持水量、滞留贮存水与饱和贮水量均随土层深度的增加而增大；土壤容重、毛管孔隙度、毛管持水量、田间持水量、吸持贮存水与有效涵蓄量则随土壤深度增加而减小，下层土壤的通气透水性能与贮水性能优于上层。（2）与裸地相比，各植被类型的土壤容重、孔隙度和孔隙比等表征土壤水文物理性质的指标明显好于裸地。各指标在不同植被间差异较大，其中乔木林好于灌木林，草地较差，表明植被能明显改善土壤物理性质。（3）3种植被类型土壤持水、贮水和调节水分的潜在能力明显高于裸地，但各植被类型供水性能差别不大。土壤最大持水量与饱和贮水量均表现为乔木林（31．78％，466．68mm）〉灌木林（30．19％，462．38mm）〉草地〉（29．41％，445．36mm）〉裸地（27．00％，423．28mm）。乔木林地滞留贮水量（113．90mm）最高，其次为草地（99．74mm）；灌木林地吸持贮水量（406．92mm）最高，其次为乔木林（352．78mm），乔木林与灌木林在土壤涵蓄降水量（320．70mm，322．40mm）与有效涵蓄量（206．80mm，266．68mm）上相差不大，表明乔木林在防止土壤侵蚀、涵养水源和水分有效性方面较好，其次为灌木林。从土壤改良、蓄水保土与涵养水源角度来考虑，塔里木干旱荒漠区植被建设中应首先考虑乔木林，树种以胡杨优先。

英文摘要：

Compared with bare land, characteristics of soil hydrologic-physical properties and water-holding of three kinds of vegetation were researched in flood land of the Tarim River. Results showed that： （1）The total soil porosity, non-capillary porosity, void ratio, maximum moisture capacity, water-holding capacity of non- capillary porosity and total water-storage capacity increased with increasing soil depth. On the contrary, soil bulk density, capillary porosity, capillary water capacity, field capacity, water-holding capacity of capillary porosity and effective precipitation decreased with increasing soil depth. It indicated that upper layer of soil had good ventilation and infiltrative capacity, and water-storage capacity than subsoil. （2）In three vegetation types, some indexes expressing soil hydrologic-physical properties such as soil bulk density, porosity and void ratio, were much better than those in bare land. There were significant difference of some indexes a- mong three vegetation types and these characteristics showed this order： Trees ）shrubs ）grassland 〉bare land. It indicated that vegetations could decrease soil bulk density and increase the total soil porosity with different vegetation types. （3）Storing and adjusting water capacity of three vegetation types was better than that of bare land, and offering water capacity was same in three vegetation types. Maximum moisture capaci- ty and saturation water storage of soil showed this order： Trees （31.78% ,466.68 mm） 〉shrubs （30.19%, 462.38 mm） 〉grassland （29.41%,445.36 mm） 〉bare land （27. 0%,423.28 mm）. The trees had the high- est water-holding capacity of non-capillary porosity, and herbs were second. But the shrubs had the highest water-holding capacity of capillary porosity and trees were second, and the total soil absorption precipitation, effective precipitation were the same in trees and shrubs. In terms of comprehensive evaluation on physicaland hydrological characteristics of soils in three vegetatio