中文摘要：

为优化反应器的脱氮设计，就水力负荷、温度对二级上向流曝气生物滤池内微生物种群结构的影响进行了研究。试验结果表明，在生物膜培养阶段，温度对氨氯氧化的影响要大于对COD降解的影响；较高的COD负荷会导致第一级反应器内的硝化点上移，第二级反应器的硝化速率固受第一级反应器出水残余有机物的影响而下降。在第二级反应器内氨氮的硝化速率明显加快，显示了单独驯化的硝化滤柱在氧化氨氮上的优势。在不同的进水COD负荷下，氨氧化菌与硝化菌的活性均有沿柱高逐渐增加的趋势，且当负荷较高时，不同高度处的氨氧化菌活性大多高于硝化菌的。异养菌的活性变化表明，生长较快的异养菌通常占据了反应器的进口区。

英文摘要：

In order to optimize the nitrification design of the bioreactor, the influence of applied loading and temperature on the population structure of microorganisms in a two-stage upflow biological aerated filter was investigated. The results show that during the biofilm culturing phase, the temperature affects nitrification more than it does on COD removal. High influent COD loading leads to the nitrification point to be relegated to the upper of the filter. Due to residual COD bleeding from the first filter, the nitrification quality of the second filter is not the same, hence the efficiency is decreased. The nitrification velocity is evidently faster in the second filter, indicating the advantage of the filter colonized by nitrifying microorganisms on ammonia oxidation. The activity of ammonia oxidizers and nitrite oxidizers has a tendency to increase along the filter height under different influent COD loadings. During higher loadings, ammonia oxidizers show higher activities along the filter than do nitrite oxidizers. The profile of activities shows that heterotrophic bacteria, culturing faster than the nitrifiers, dominates the inlet of the reactor.