中文摘要：

目的 探讨氯胺酮对体外培养大鼠神经干细胞（NSC）增殖与凋亡的影响。方法 采用无血清培养和单细胞克隆技术，在大鼠海马分离培养具有单细胞克隆能力的细胞群，采用免疫荧光细胞化学技术证实为NSC。将NSC以5×10^4／孔接种于96孔培养板中，分别加入浓度为0（未加氯胺酮）、5、10、20、50、100、200、500、1000mmol·L^-1氯胺酮，每个浓度5孔。采用四甲基偶氮唑蓝比色法检测NSC光密度（OD），并计算生长抑制率（RI）。采用流式细胞仪测定氯胺酮浓度为0、10、100、500、1000mmol．L^-1时NSC凋亡率。结果 与氯胺酮浓度0时比较，200、500、1000mmol／L氯胺酮可降低NSC OD，升高RI，10、100、500、1000mmol·L^-1氯胺酮可升高NSC凋亡率（P〈0．05或0．01）。结论 氯胺酮对体外培养大鼠NSC增殖有抑制作用，并能诱导NSC凋亡，且该作用与氯胺酮浓度有关。

英文摘要：

Objective To study the effects of different concentrations of ketamine on proliferation of and apoptosis in the cultured rat neural stem cells （NSCs）.Methods Single cells which had the ability to form clones were isolated from hippocampus of embryo obtaind from 14d pregnant Wistar rats using serum-free cell culture and single cell clone technique and were identified to be neural stem cells （NSCs） by immuno-fluorescence technique. Different concentrations of ketamine （0, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1 000 mmol·L^-1） were added to the cells and incubated at 37 ℃ and in 5 % CO2 for 5 days. The effect of different concentrations of ketamine on growth inhibition rate （IR） of NSCs was calculated by determination of OD （optical density） of cultured rat NSCs using MTT assay. IR = OD in control group （OD in ketamine group/OD in control group. The effect of different concentrations of ketamine （0, 10, 50, 100, 500, 1 000 mmol· L^- 1 ） on the apoptosis rate of NSCs was measured by flow cytometry. Results Ketamine （100, 200, 500, 1 000 mmol·L^-1 ） inhibited the growth of cultured NSCs. Flow cytometry showed that apoptosis rate of NSCs was significantly higher when ketamine concentration was 10, 50, 100, 500, 1 000 mmol· L^-1 than that in control group （ketamine = 0） . Conclusion Ketamine can inhibit proliferation of cultured rat NSCs and induce apoptosis.