目的研究乌拉尔甘草Glycyrrhiza uralensis根及根茎的化学成分。方法应用溶剂法和色谱法进行分离纯化,利用波谱技术鉴定化合物结构;并测试化合物的细胞毒活性。结果从乌拉尔甘草50%乙醇提取物中分离得到14个皂苷类化合物,分别鉴定为uralsaponin C(1)、uralsaponin D(2)、licorice-saponinA3(3)、uralsaponin F(4)、22β-acetoxyl-glycyrrizin(5)、24-hydroxyl-licorice-saponin E2(6)、licorice-saponin E2(7)、licorice-saponin G2(8)、22β-acetoxyl-glyrrhaldehyde(9)、3β-O-[β-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl]-glycyrreto(l 10)、araboglycyrrhizin(11)、licorice-saponin J2(12)、甘草酸(13)、单葡糖醛酸基甘草次酸(14)。化合物1~14对3种人源肿瘤细胞MGC-803、SW620、SMMC-7721的半数抑制率(IC50)均大于100μmol/L,化合物2、6~8、13的水解后苷元对3种人源肿瘤细胞的抑制率为18.3~41.6μmol/L。结论化合物14是一个新的天然产物,化合物11为首次从该植物中分离得到;化合物1~14对3种人源肿瘤细胞MGC-803、SW620、SMMC-7721均无显著的细胞毒活性,化合物2、6~8、13水解后苷元细胞毒活性增强。
Objective To study the chemical constituents from the roots and rhizomes of Glycyrrhiza uralensis.Methods The compounds were separated and purified by solvent and chromatographic methods.Their structures were identified by spectroscopic techniques.Results Fourteen triterpenoid saponins isolated from 50% ethanol extract of the roots and rhizomes of G.uralensis were identified as uralsaponin C(1),uralsaponin D(2),licorice-saponin A3(3),uralsaponin F(4),22β-acetoxyl-glycyrrizin(5),24-hydroxyl-licorice-saponin E2(6),licorice-saponin E2(7),licorice-saponin G2(8),22β-acetoxyl-glyrrhaldehyde(9),3β-O-[β-Dglucuronopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl]-glycyrretol(10),araboglycyrrhizin(11),licorice-saponin J2(12),glycyrrhizin(13),and glycyrrhetic acid monoglucuronide(14).Compounds 1—14 showed the cytotoxic activity against the human cancer cell lines MGC-803,SW620,and SMMC-7721 with IC50 100 μmol/L.The aglycones of compounds 2,6—8,and 13 displayed the inhibition on the growth of cancer cells with IC50 at 18.3—41.6 μmol/L.Conclusion Compound 14 is a new natural product,and compound 11 is isolated from the plant for the first time;Compounds 1—14 show no cytotoxic activity against the human cancer cell lines MGC-803,SW620,and SMMC-7721,and the aglycones of compounds 2,6—8,and 13 could significantly increase the cytotoxic activity after hydrolysis.