中文摘要：

细胞凋亡作为一种生命体的主要细胞死亡方式，在清除多余或受感染细胞中发挥重要作用。尽管在组织或胚胎正常发育过程中，细胞凋亡诱导免疫反应比较温和，但在病毒感染或者对死亡受体（death receptor，DR）进行刺激时凋亡可以触发强烈的天然和获得性免疫反应。凋亡信号途径中的分子与免疫系统有着复杂的相互作用。本文综述了有关凋亡性死亡在诱导炎症，维持免疫系统动态平衡，促进免疫应答以及凋亡信号途径和免疫系统抗病毒机制相互关系等方面的研究成果，分析细胞凋亡所诱发免疫效应的机制。

英文摘要：

The conserved apoptosis is a main way of cell death whose function is to clear the unnecessary or infected cells. Though apoptosis that occurs during normal development is immunologically bland, the apoptotic death after viral infection or after the ligation of Death Receptors can trigger powerful innate and adaptive immune responses. The complicated interactions exist between the molecules of apoptotic signaling pathway and immune system. Here we emphatically discussed the effect of cell death from apoptosis on the induction of inflammation, maintenance of immune system homeostasis and promotion of immune response activation, as well as the relationship between apoptosis signaling pathway andimmune system in anti-virus mechanism. The immunological consequences of apoptosis were also analyzed.