中文摘要：

本研究旨在对1日龄牦牛小肠黏膜免疫相关细胞的数量变化进行研究。采用免疫组织化学和组织学特殊染色技术,分别对小肠的上皮内淋巴细胞、固有层淋巴细胞、上皮内杯状细胞和肥大细胞的分布特点和数量变化进行研究,对各肠段分泌的黏液性质进行判定。结果显示,上皮内淋巴细胞数量由十二指肠向空肠、回肠呈依次减少的趋势,各肠段之间差异极显著（P〈0.01）;固有层淋巴细胞数量、肥大细胞密度从十二指肠向回肠呈依次递增的趋势,各肠段之间差异极显著（P〈0.01）;上皮内杯状细胞从十二指肠到回肠呈增长趋势,十二指肠与空肠差异显著（P〈0.05）,但两者与回肠差异极显著（P〈0.01）;十二指肠上皮杯状细胞分泌中性黏液,而空肠、回肠分泌酸性黏液或中性和酸性混合性黏液;十二指肠腺靠近黏膜层分泌中性黏液,靠近肌层分泌酸性黏液;小肠腺均分泌有中性和酸性混合性黏液。上述结果表明,1日龄牦牛小肠不同肠段黏膜相关免疫细胞数量的不同变化,显示了小肠黏膜为机体天然屏障的重要组成部分。

英文摘要：

To study the quantitative changes of intestinal mucosal immunity-associated cells in one-day- old yak,the distribution and number of intraepithelial lymphocytes, lamina propria lymphocytes, intraepi- thelial goblet cells and mast cells were analyzed using the immunohistochemistry and histological special staining techniques, and the properties of each bowel mucus secretion was also determined. The number of intraepithelial lymphocytes decreased from the duodenum to the ileum, and the difference was extremely significant（P〈0.01）. And the number of lamina propria lymphocytes and mast cells were gradually in- creased from the duodenum to the ileum, and the difference was extremely significant（P〈0.01）. The num- ber of goblet cells showed a rising trend from the duodenum to the ileum,and the significant difference was observed between duodenum and jejunum（P〈0.05）,but the difference between these two intestinal seg- ments and ileum was extremely significant（P〈0.01）. Specially,goblet cells in duodenum secreted neutral mucus,while goblet cells in the jejunum and ileum secreted acid mucus or mixed mucus including neutral and acid mucus. And the duodenal gland near the mucosal layer secreted neutral mucus,while it was closing to the muscularis secreted acid mucus. Additionally,intestinal glands secreted mixed mucus including neu- tral and acid mucus. The quantitative changes of intestinal mucosal immune ceils in the one-day-old yak suggest that the intestinal mucosa is an important part of the natural barriers.