中文摘要：

为了研究展弦比和最大相对弯度对南极磷虾拖网网板水动力学性能的影响,通过水槽模型实验分析网板临界冲角（α0）、最大升力系数（CL_（max））、临界冲角时的升阻比（Kα0）和最大升阻比（K_（max））等主要水动力学性能参数的变化规律。结果表明：1）展弦比对CL_（max）、K_（max）和Kα0值的影响极显著（P〈0.01）,对α0无显著影响（P〉0.05）。随着展弦比的增加,CL_（max）和K_（max）呈上升趋势,Kα0呈先升后降趋势,λ=2.0时Kα0值相对较高。随着展弦比的增加,α0分别呈下降（最大相对弯度为12%和14%）和上升（最大相对弯度为8%）趋势。最大相对弯度为10%时,α0在27.5°~30°间波动变化,趋势线基本保持水平。2）最大相对弯度对CL_（max）和K_（max）值的影响极显著（P〈0.01）,对α0值的影响显著（0.010.05）。展弦比和最大相对弯度两者间交互项对Kα0影响极显著（P〈0.01）,而对CL_（max）和K_（max）无显著影响（P〉0.05）。随着最大相对弯度的增加,CL_（max）和α0呈上升趋势,K_（max）呈下降趋势。综合考虑拖网网板的水动力学性能,实际应用中建议立式双弧面网板最大相对弯度设计为12%,展弦比设计为2.0,此时网板的主要水动力学性能参数均为前40%水平,具有最大升力系数和最大升阻比相对较高、阻力系数较低的优点。

英文摘要：

The Antarctic krill resource is abundant surrounding the Antarctic area,and its development potential has taken more and more attention around the world. A key factor to enhance the Antarctic krill trawl productivity is to improve the expansion performance of trawl net in low trawling speed. To study the effect of different aspect ratio and the maximum relative camber on hydrodynamic performance of a high aspect ratio otter board with hollow structure,a flume model experiment was conducted to analyze the change rules of main hydrodynamic performance parameters,such as the critical angle of attack（α0）,the maximum lift coefficient（CL_（max） ）,the maximum lift to drag ratio at α0（Kα0） and the maximum lift to drag ratio（K_（max））. The experimental design scheme was constructed with two categories of variables： the aspect ratio and the maximum relative camber. The factors of the aspect ratio were designed for 5 levels,and the factor of the maximum relative camber for 4 levels. According to the two factors experiment method,20 experimental models were designed. The experimental models were made by stereo light curing process. The experimental results were as follows：（1） the impacts of the aspect ratio on the CL_（max） ,K_（max）and Kα0 value were extremely significant（P 0. 01）,but there was no significant impact on the α0 value（P 0. 05）. While the aspect ratio was ascending,the CL_（max） and K_（max）value showed rising tendency,but the Kα0 value had a trend of rise first then fell. When λ = 2. 0,the Kα0 value was relatively higher than that of other otter boards. With the aspect ratio ascending,the α0 value respectively showed an uptrend（for the maximum relative camber was12% or 14%） and a downtrend（for the maximum relative camber was 8%）. When the maximum relative camber was 10%,the α0 value fluctuated between 27. 5° and 30°,and the trend line remained unchanged generally.（2） The maximum relative camber had extremely significant impact on the CL_