中文摘要：

目的预测血液中外泌体在动脉粥样硬化中的作用及机制。方法招募56个受试对象,分成两个比较组：健康人群与动脉粥样硬化人群、高血压人群与高血压合并动脉粥样硬化人群。用试剂盒提取受试者血液中外泌体,利用蛋白质谱分析技术检测外泌体中蛋白表达,将蛋白表达谱的结果进行基因功能（GO）分析。结果GO分析显示,在生物学过程中,两个比较组中都出现显著差异的有5个条目,分别是＂固有免疫反应的正向调节＂、＂免疫反应激活信号转导＂、＂固有免疫反应激活＂、＂固有免疫反应激活信号转导＂和＂固有免疫反应激活细胞表面受体信号通路＂;在分子功能类别中,两个比较组中有2个条目是重复出现的,分别是＂抗原结合＂和＂酶结合＂;在两个组别比较中都出现差异蛋白有3个,分别是蛋白酶亚基α6（PSMA6）、蛋白酶亚基α7（PSMA7）和膜联蛋白A2。结论固有免疫系统可能在动脉粥样硬化疾病发病中起重要作用。PSMA6、PSMA7和膜联蛋白A2有可能成为动脉粥样硬化疾病防治的新的靶蛋白。

英文摘要：

Aim Atherosclerosis（ As） primarily involves the systemic arteries. The luminal surface of the artery is directly exposed to blood and is susceptible to active blood substances. Exosomes contain a significant amount of components that are either beneficial or detrimental to cells. Thus,blood exosomes may contribute to As. The aim of this study was to investigate the contribution of exosome proteins to As. Methods Fifty-six subjects were recruited and divided into two comparison pairs： healthy subjects vs. As patients,and hypertension vs. hypertension ＋ As patients. Serum exosomes were decoded by protein mass spectrometry. Protein profile and function were analyzed by gene ontology（ GO）. A structure hierarchy tree was constructed to illustrate the proteins associated with GO terms,and protein-protein interaction analysis was performed to indicate the proteins involved in As. Results Five differentiated child terms appeared in both comparisons under the biological process GO terms of＂response to stimulus＂and＂immune system process＂. They are＂positive regulation of innate immune response＂,＂immune response-activating signal transduction＂,＂activation of innate immune response＂,＂innate immune response-activating signal transduction＂and＂innate immune response activating cell surface receptor signaling pathway＂. Two differentiated child terms emerged in both comparisons in the molecular function category of＂binding＂： ＂antigen binding＂and＂enzyme binding＂. In addition,three differentiated proteins,PSMA6,PSMA7 and annexin A2,appeared in both comparisons. Conclusions The innate immune system contributes to AS development.PSMA6,PSMA7 and annexin A2 may be new target proteins for As prevention and treatment.